| Ampersand
Vol 2, issue 3. Summer 2007. D&AD
THE DESIGNER IS DEAD. LONG LIVE THE DESIGNER
The power structures on which designers have built their
professional authority over the last one hundred years are fast
being eroded. Now the users are having their say. One route for
survival is for designers to become familiar with the concept of
co-design. Nick Bell questions whether that is ever likely to happen
without a fundamental shift in professional identity.
The graphic designer is an artist whose self-expression is pressed
into commercial service. The practice known formerly as commercial
art carried the signatures Cassandre, Zero, A Games and Ashley among
others. The same has been true more recently. Seen through the signature
styles of Anderson, Amzalag, Augustyniak, Barnbrook, Gelman and
Toffe. The graphic designer is also a modest, sometimes ‘invisible’,
mediator of information; take Spencer, Hollis, and Kinneir for instance.
Also an interpreter encoding commercial and cultural messages; say
Friedman, Martens and Van Toorn. A visual communicator; Weingart,
Bernard and Bubbles. A problem solver; Rand, Glaser, Holt and Muir.
An information architect; Vignelli, Aicher and Spiekermann. An art
director; Pineles, Fleckhaus and Wolsey. A creative director; Crouwel,
Kalman and Saville. A design consultant; McConnell, Wolff and Dumbar.
And these days especially, a design star; Mau, Maeda and Sagmeister.
Every one of these types of graphic designer still exists, the ranks
of each doctrine swelling further year in year out. Competition
necessitates professional differentiation, yet many of us are keen
to present ourselves as generalists so the varied avenues for opportunity
remain as wide as possible. We view ourselves as having a particular
approach applicable to many situations. Design education may have
brought us the compartmentalisation of skills but designers remain
wedded to the dream of design as a way of life. Designers are however
a peculiar breed – their vision for life very rarely being
shared by anyone else.
Now that everyone has access to the communication tools, design
is becoming a general activity. The impetus for its creation now
being more psychological than aesthetic. The basic human urge to
communicate much less inhibited by any concern about what things
look or sound like. Consequently, designers who care passionately
about the quality of such things, are in danger of becoming detached
in a world tilting in favour of universes of connected amateurs
where powers are truly distributed. Witness the Master of the Faculty
of Royal Designers for Industry Mike Dempsey’s rant in 2005
over the appropriation of the title ‘designer’ by Hilary
Cottam the winner of ‘Designer of the Year’, whom he
pejoratively labelled an ‘organisational impresario’.[1]
The gatekeepers to whom we like to keep close are losing their grip
to the advancing hordes. Control, which designers traditionally
like to have in spades, is becoming an extremely rare commodity.
Instead what is now becoming most important is participation. Active
engagement in a world of myriad complexity, interconnected cause
and effect, that to succeed in you give yourself up to and embrace
just like those before us have always had to at the beginning of
any new era. Immersion is not the way of most designers who, like
artists, have traditionally preferred to observe and record from
a safe distance and then in the shadow of a client.
If there is one principle that will distinguish all present and
future generations of designers from the ones listed above it is
likely it will be that of co-design and with it no doubt the gradual
erosion of the boundary between designer and user by the user. The
distance between us and other mere mortals is narrowing. We must
take some of the credit though, designers are already looking to
apply their skills in ways that are more conducive to sharing the
creative process with those usually on the receiving end of it.
Those crossing the divide first have been product designers (already
more familiar with measuring end-user data than graphic designers)
in the emerging field of service design.
We like to think of design as a way of improving the quality of
life but this is made difficult to achieve since design has traditionally
taken place on the threshold of a power imbalance. Between a controlling
and cautious provider who metes design out and a suspecting though
stoic public that design happens to. Stoic is sooo like… twentieth
century. Best we prepare for the ‘user revolution’[2]
whether we like it or not.
1. Mike Dempsey: From Cave Man to Spray Can: A Graphic Journey.
17 November 2005, RSA, London. www.rsa.org.uk/acrobat/inaugural_rdi_address_dempsey.pdf
2. The ‘user revolution’ – Charles Leadbeater.
See We-think: why mass creativity is the next big thing. www.wethinkthebook.net
© Nick Bell 2007
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